深度 | 资本与田园牧歌：亚马孙雨林的昨天、今天、明天
作为对抗全球变暖的重要部分，一个月前的亚马孙雨林大火受到广泛关注。一方面，森林大火的碳排放加剧人们对于全球变暖的忧虑。另一方面，希望从开荒获得经济回报的人们表示不解，开发雨林为何会引来批评？
面对同一件事，不同立场的人显然有着不同的视角和理解，也凸显了环保与发展、局部需求与整体利益之间的矛盾。
从1985到2010年，亚马孙雨林每公顷树木死亡量几乎翻倍（来源：brienen.et al.2015）
过去三十年间，亚马孙南部地区的旱季持续延长，而降水则明显下降（来源：fu et al. 2013）
马托格罗索州（黑色折线）与巴西（蓝色折线）全国平均每公顷大豆产量（来源：巴西国家供应公司）
今天亚马孙雨林开荒的区域与高速公路的修建几乎重合。95%的毁林都发生在道路5.5公里范围内。（来源：barberet al, 2014 [21]）
1990-2005年间亚马孙雨林地区的大豆种植面积增加了近6倍，其中绝大部分增长都出现在1996年疯牛病危机后。（来源：mongabay.com）
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